After the device driver is loaded into the kernel, it usually needs to be configured. Each device driver has its own set of tools for doing the configuration. For example, the network uses ifconfig to configure addresses, and PCMCIA support uses cardmgr to notify the operating system when a new card is added or removed. Each driver is different. Some software drivers are only needed once to configure the system (for example, network, audio, and system clock); others are needed continually, while the device is in use (for example high-resolution graphics and the mouse). A few KLM drivers require no additional assistance—keyboard, hard drives, and USB fall into this category.
In addition to configuring and managing kernel drivers, some software drivers are software-only (no KLM needed). These services include virtual file systems, displays, and schedulers. Finally, application and network services, such as Secure Shell (SSH) and the web, can be configured. While kernel modules are managed by the LKM subsystem, the Init and Upstart systems manage the configuration and management of application and network services.
Source of Information : Wiley Ubuntu Powerful Hacks And Customizations
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